CARO, HEINRICH

CARO, HEINRICH (1834–1910), German chemist. Born in Posen, Prussia, he was taken to Berlin in 1842. In 1859 he went to England, and worked for seven years with Roberts, Dale and Co. in Manchester. There he developed new aniline dyes, and synthesized original dyes, such as Manchester Yellow. Caro was one of several Germans working in England at the beginnings of the new synthetic dyestuff industry, but they all eventually returned to Germany and established an important dyestuff industry there. In 1868 he became the technical director of Badische Anilin und Sodafabrik (founded in 1865, later a main subsidiary of I.G. Farben). Caro was responsible for the discovery and industrial production of a vast range of dyestuffs. The compound permonosulfuric acid is known as "Caro's acid." -BIBLIOGRAPHY: G. Bugge, Das Buch der grossen Chemiker, 2 (1930), 298; Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft, 45 (1912), 1987; Chemistry and Industry, 43 (1924), 561. (Samuel Aaron Miller)